History
The area now known as Edwards County was originally inhabited by the Lipan Apache tribe. In 1762, Spanish missionaries established the Mission San Lorenzo de la Santa Cruz in an effort to Christianize the indigenous population; however, these efforts were largely unsuccessful, and the region remained sparsely settled by Europeans. Anglo-American settlement did not begin until the mid-1800s. The Texas Legislature created Edwards County from Bexar County on February 1, 1858, naming it after Haden Edwards, an early settler of Nacogdoches. The first land sale occurred in 1876, and the county was officially organized in 1883, with Rocksprings designated as the county seat. Due to its rocky terrain, the county was unsuitable for traditional farming, leading settlers to focus on sheep and goat ranching, industries that have remained central to the local economy. The population peaked in 1910 and has since experienced a gradual decline, partly due to limited development and the absence of nearby railroads.
Recreation
Edwards County offers a variety of recreational activities that highlight its natural beauty and rural charm. The county is renowned as a hunter's paradise, boasting abundant native wildlife such as whitetail deer, turkey, and dove, as well as exotic species. The Devil's Sinkhole State Natural Area features a 400-foot-deep sinkhole that serves as a habitat for a large colony of Mexican free-tailed bats, offering visitors unique wildlife viewing opportunities. Additionally, the Kickapoo Cavern State Park spans over 6,300 acres and contains 20 different caves, providing ample opportunities for exploration and appreciation of the county's natural wonders.
Industry
The economy of Edwards County remains deeply rooted in its agricultural heritage. Sheep and goat ranching have been the cornerstone of the local economy for over a century. Supporting industries, including healthcare and retail, play crucial roles in serving the community's needs. The county also has a modest oil and gas sector that contributes to its economic landscape.