Menard County

History

Menard County, situated on the Edwards Plateau in central Texas, has a rich history of human habitation spanning thousands of years. Prior to European exploration, the region was dominated by the Apache and Comanche tribes. In the mid-18th century, Spanish missionaries attempted to establish a presence in the area, founding the Presidio San Luis de las Amarillas in 1757 to support the nearby Santa Cruz de San Sabá Mission. However, due to persistent conflicts with Native Americans, these early European endeavors were largely abandoned for nearly a century. To encourage settlement and provide protection against Native American raids, Camp San Saba was established near the headwaters of the San Saba River in 1852. Menard County was officially formed from Bexar County in 1858 and named after Michel Branamour Menard, the founder of Galveston. Despite its establishment, significant settlement did not occur until after the Civil War, primarily due to the region's remoteness and ongoing Native American threats. The arrival of the railroad in 1911 connected the county to larger markets, spurring economic growth centered around cattle ranching. During the Great Depression, Menard County was relatively insulated from severe economic downturns, likely due to its small, rural population. Throughout the 20th century, the county's population steadily declined, maintaining a focus on livestock production. Today, Menard County remains a predominantly rural area, with cattle and sheep ranching continuing as the mainstays of its economy. 

Recreation

Menard County offers a variety of recreational activities that showcase its natural beauty and historical significance. The San Saba River provides opportunities for swimming, fishing, and kayaking in its clear waters. The county is also a favored destination for hunting enthusiasts, with abundant populations of dove, white-tailed deer, and turkey; many private landowners offer hunting leases as an additional source of income. History buffs can explore the Presidio de San Sabá, the ruins of a Spanish fort built in the 1750s, which are open to the public. Additionally, the Fort McKavett State Historic Site, located on the eastern edge of the county, is one of the most complete examples of a Texas Indian Wars military post, offering insights into 19th-century frontier life. 

Industry

As one of the smallest counties in Texas by population, Menard County's economy is deeply rooted in its rural environment. Agriculture remains the cornerstone, with sheep and cattle production being the dominant sectors. Retail is the county's second-largest industry, supporting the needs of residents and serving as a significant employer. Construction also plays a vital role, contributing to infrastructure development and providing stable employment opportunities. In recent years, recreational activities such as fishing, camping, hunting, hiking, and nature watching have become important sources of revenue, complementing the traditional agricultural base.